Tool with radially-movable blades for circular cutting.



F. A. BABCOGK. TOOL WITH RADIALLY MOVABLE BLADES FOR CIRCULAR CUTTING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28, 1912. 1,038, Patented Sept. ;17, 1912.

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ATTORNEYS WITNESSES F. A. BABUOGK. TOOL WITH RADIALLY MOVABLE BLADES FOR CIRCULAR CUTTING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 28, 1912. 1,038,819. Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

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FRED A. BABCOCK, OF WYNDMOOR, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR F ONE-HALF T0 CARLOS C. PECK, 0F WYNDMOOB, PENNSYLVANIA.

TOOL WITH RADIALLY-MOVAIBLE BL ADES FOR CIRCULAR CUTTING.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed March 28, 1912. Serial No. 686,758.

Patented Sept. 17, 1912.

To all whom it ma concern:

Be it known t at I, FRED A. BABCOCK,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Wyndmoor, Montgomery count-y, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Tool with Radially-Movable Blades for Circular Cutting, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of a tool with ran dially movable blades for circular cutting and provided'with a locking device for retaining the blades in working position and again withdrawing the same to remove the tool from the work.

It further consists of such tool provided with means for lubricating the blades and removing the cuttings as the tool progresses.

It further consists of other novel features of construction, all as will be hereinafter fully set forth.

The annexed drawings and the following description set. forth in detail one mechanical form embodying the invention, such detail construction being but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the invention may be used.

In said annexed drawings :-Figure 1 represents a perspective view of my improve cutting tool constructed for tapping and reaming. Fig. 2 represents an axial section of the tool on an enlarged scale, taken on the line -.z--w in Fig. 4.. Fi 3 represents an end View of the tool on t e same scale and with the end-cap removed. Fig. 4 represents a transverse sectiomof the cam-core on the line y-y in Fig. 5. Fig. 5 represents an axial section of the cam-core on the line M in Fig. 4. Fig. 6 represents a transverse section through the locking device. to Fig. 7 represents an axial section of the tool adapted as a sorew-cutter. Fig. 8 represents an end view of the tool with the endcap removed. Fig. 9 represents a transverse section on the line 'w-w in Fig. 7. Fig. at 10 re resents an axial section of the detache cam-sleeve. Fig. 11 represents a transverse section through the locking device.

Similar numerals of reference indicate figures. Referring to the drawings, the reference numeral 1 indicates the spindle of the tool which may be mounted in any suitable or desired manner in a machine such as a hering mill, turret lathe or similar-machine the opposite ends of ram-grooves, 8.

slots, 9, which may d the radial to the handle. A latch, 26, substantially L- tool, to be clamped rigidly while the work is rotated. Said spindle has anaxial ore, 2, and radial slots, 3, at its outer end. In the drawings the spindle is illustrated as having four slots but the number of slots may be varied accordin to the number of blades required. The ax l bore of the spindie has an enlarged portion, 4, at the outer i cud, slightly longer than the slots, and-each slot has one or more radial grooves or channels, 30, in both faces. A cylindrical core, 5, fits to turn in the axial bore, and the outer portion. of said core is formed with ratchetshaped cam-bulges, 6, and with corresponding oppositely projecting cam-flanges, 7, at the bulges, forming In the illustrated form, four cam-bulges are shown and the camflanges are shown as each having four radial be brought to register with the radial slots in the spindle. Blades, 10, are radially movable in the radial slots in the spindle and have lugs, 11, projecting at the ends of their inner edges t engage in the cam-grooves of the cam-core while said inner edges'bear against the cam-bulges upon the same.

Blocks, 12, are inserted in slots of the spindle to bear against the ends of the blades, and a screw cap, 13, is screwed upon the reduced and screw-threaded end of the spindle to retain such blocks and the blades. The cam-core has an axial bore, 14, extending from near the outer end, where it has radiating channels, 15, opening in the cam-bulges, and opening at the inner end into a chamber or bore, 16, in the inner end of the axial bore of the spindle and havingan oil-hole,.-17, or similar means for conveying oil into said bore. The inner end of the tubular camcore is reduced to enter the chamber, and a packing 18, is placed between the shoulders thus formed. A split clamping-ring, 19, is clamped b bolts, 20, upon the spindle, preferably at t e inner (end of the axial bore, and 100 said ring and the spindle are formed with circumferential segmental slots, 21 and 22, respectively, which re ister'with each other.

A radial handle, 23, as its inner end, 24, passed through said slots to rock in the 105 same, and secured in the cam-core.

guard, 25, surrounds a part of the split rin to cover the slot in the same, and is secure shaped, is fulcrumed between ears, 27, upon the handle, and has a lug, 28, on its short arm en a in an 0 enin in the s lit rin when thehandle is rocked to cause the camcore to force the blades into their extreme outward position. A spring, 29, bears against the'grip-portion of the latch to snap such lug into such opening.

When the tool is to be used for tapping a bore the tool is properly secured in a machine and the work secured in a rotating head. The handle is now first turned by releasing the latch to cause the cam-grooves to draw the blades inward so that the end of the tool may enter the bore. When the tool has entered the bore,. and the work is rotated the blades are gradually forced out A split sleeve, 33, is clamped upon the reward by turning the handle in the opposite direction to start, the cut and the blades are held in working position when the lug of the latch snaps into the opening in the split ring. Oil, water, soap-suds or alkaline solutions or other liquid lubricant are injected through the axial bore of the camore, to lubricate the cutting blades and to wash away the cuttings, or a current of air or steam may be blown through the bore to blow such cuttings from the blades and clear. the hole wherein the tool operates. When the tool is employed as a reamer, reaming blades are substituted for the threading blades. The current of fluid thus injected will keep the blades clean and also completely clear the bore of all cuttings, so that the tool will work freely and may be employed in bores of any depth without jamming or clogging. The radial channels in the faces of the slots will admit of tree passage for the fluid to the cutting faces of the blades and into the bore which is tapped or reamed.

In Figs. 7 to 10, inclusive, another embodiment of my invention is illustrated, in

which the tool is employed as a thread-cub ter. In said form the spindle 1 has a reduced end, 31, formed with an axial bore, 32,,and with-the radial slots 3, in which the blades 10, having the lugs 11 at the ends of their cam-contacting edges, slide radially. Blocks, 12, fit in the ends et the slots and ar against the outer ends of the blades.

duoed portion of the spindle by means of a clamping bolt, 34, and the outer portion 35, of said sleeve is reduced and formed with a circumferential segmental slot, 36. A camsleeve, 37, is fitted to rotate upon the reduced end of the spindle and upon the reduced end of the split ring, and the outerportion of the interior of said sleeve'ha's cam-bulges, 38, corresponding to the radial slots in the spindle, and oppositely projecting cam-flanges, 39, at the ends of said cam-bulges to form with the latter camgrooves, 40, into which the lugs at the ends of the blades engage. The cam-flange at the end of the sleeve has slots, 41, which oil-hole may be suitably connected to a 1 source of a suitable lubricant or air under pressure, similar to such connection in the above described device, and the function of the fluid current is similar. A handle, 23, similar to that in the former construction, has a portion of its inner end, 24, screwthreaded, and screwed through an opening, 45, in the inner end of the cam-sleeve, and the innermost portion of saidinner end is smooth and movable in the segmental slot of the sleeve secured upon the spindle. The handle is provided with the latch 26, pivoted between the cars 27 and having the lug 28 and spring 29, like the handle in the firstdescribed form, -and the lug of the latch passes through a hole, 46, in the cam-sleeve and engagesa hole, 47, in the sleeve on the spindle when the blades engage the work.

The operation of the second tool is similar to that of the first device but reversed, the

blades moving inward to the work instead of outward. The blades are moved inward and outward bvl'ocking he cam-element in its relation to the slotted spindle-element by means of the handle, and the handle is locked by the latch when the blades engage the work. p

By constructing the blades with lugs at both ends and the cam-element with camflangcs engaging both of said lugs on each blade, the blades are maintained true during their radial movement and all tilting of the blades is prevented. The radial slots in the outer cam-flange admit of the blades being inserted in their slots in the spindleelement when said former slots are brought 1 to register with said latter slots. therebv admitting of such flange being integral with the cam-element, thus simplifying the construction of the tool and reducing the number of its parts. All that is necessary to remove and reinsert a blade is to remove the cap and a block, draw the blade out and replace it and then replace the block and cap.

As tools of this character are subject to considerable strain and are usually not at tended by skilled machinists, it is evident that simplicity of construction with the accompanying strength, is quite important.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed for the mode herein explained. Change may therefore be made as regards the mechanism thus disclosed, provided the principles of construction set forth, respectively, in the following claim are employed:

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In a tool with radially movable blades for circular cutting, a spindle element formed with radial slots having open outer ends, a cam-element supported by said spindle-element and formed with cam-bulges and with circumferential cam-flanges at the opposite ends of said bulges and having cam-grooves ,upon their opposed faces corresponding to said c am-bulges and the outer flange having slots corresponding to the slots in the spindle-element, one of said elements rotatable in its relation to the other, blades radiallymovable in the slots ofi the spindle-element and having lugs at both ends engaging the cam-grooves, and having their edges bearing against the cam-bulges, a cap secured to bear against the ends of the spindle and cam element to close the ends of the slots therein, and means for rotating the movable element.

G. D. MoVAY, M. 0. Fox. 

